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Romantisme et post-romantisme en musique (début du XIXe s.au début du XXe s.)

Voir aussi : Romantisme en peinture (XIXe s.)

 

romantisme.jpeg

 

L'expression musique romantique désigne la période de l'histoire de la musique qui s'échelonne du début du XIXe jusqu'au tout début du XXe. La musique, comme la peinture, est influencée par le romantisme qui, à l'origine, est un mouvement littéraire.
La musique romantique vise à susciter l'émotion, à bouleverser. Le piano-forte, en remplaçant le clavecin, permet désormais d'exploiter de puissants contrastes de dynamique. De la même façon, l'orchestration devient de plus en plus audacieuse et élaborée, d'autant plus que certains instruments, comme par exemple le cor, sont modifiés par les facteurs d'instruments de manière à devenir plus maniables. Les sonorités inventées par les romantiques sont particulièrement colorées et évocatrices, davantage en tout cas que chez des classiques comme Joseph Haydn ou Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. À la jonction de ces deux courants se situe la puissante personnalité de Ludwig van Beethoven, dont les premières œuvres se rattachent à l'esthétique classique tandis que celles de sa maturité doivent être considérées comme le début du romantisme musical.

 

Ludwig van BEETHOVEN : compositeur allemand né à Bonn, 16 ou 17 déc. 1770 - Vienne le 26 mars 1827.

 

Dionisio Aguado y García : compositeur espagnol né à Madrid, 8 avril 1787 - 29 déc. 1849.

 

Giuseppe DONIZETTI : compositeur italien né à Bergamo, 6 nov. 1788 - Constantinople 12 fév. 1856.

 

Gioachino ROSSINI : compositeur italien né à Pesaro, 29 fév. 1792 - Paris 13 nov. 1868.

 

Franz SCHUBERT : compositeur autrichien né à à Lichtenthal, 31 janv. 1797 - 19 nov. 1828.

 

Vincenzo BELLINI : compositeur italien né à Catana, 3 nov. 1801 - Puteaux (France) 23 sept. 1835. 

 

Hector BERLIOZ :  compositeur français né à La Côte-Saint-André, 11 déc. 1803 - Paris 8 mars 1869.

 

Félix MENDELSSOHN-BARTHOLDY : compositeur allemand né à Hambourg, 3 fév. 1809 - Leipzig  4 nov. 1847.

Rondo capriccioso

Concerto pour violon op.64

 

Robert SCHUMANN : compositeur allemand né à Zwickau, 8 juin 1810 - Endenich 29 juil. 1856.

 

Frédéric CHOPIN : compositeur polonais né à Żelazowa Wola (Pologne), 1er mars 1810 - Paris le 17 oct. 1849.

Prélude op. 28 n°4

Nocturne op. 9 n°1 en Si bémol

Etude Op.10 No.12 "Révolutionaire"

Ballade No.1 Op.23

Nocturne op 32 n°9

Concerto pour piano n°2 - Larghetto

-III Allegro-

 

Franz LISZT : pianiste hongrois né à Doborján, 22 oct 1811 - Bayreuth 31 juil. 1886.

Rhapsodie hongroise n°2

Rêve d'amour

 

Giuseppe VERDI : compositeur italien né à Roncole, 10 oct.1813 - Milan 27 janv. 1901.

 

Richard WAGNER : compositeur allemand né à Leipzig, 22 mai 1813 - Venise 13 fév. 1883.

 

Antonio BAZZINI : violoniste italien né à Brescia, 11 mars 1818 – Milan 10 fév. 1897.

 

César FRANCK : organiste et compositeur belge né à Liège, le 10 déc. 1822 à Liège - Paris 8 nov. 1890.

Quintette

Sonate pour violon et piano 

 

Bedrich SMETANA : compositeur tchèque né à Litomysl, 2 mars 1824 - Prague 12 mai 1884.

La Moldau (Vltava)

 

Johanes BRAHMS : compositeur allemand né à Hambourg, 7 mai 1833 - Vienne 3 avril 1897.

Rhapsodie en Sol mineur

Danse hongroise

Trio avec cor - Andante 

4e symphonie, 1er mouvement

 

Alexandre BORODINE : compositeur russe né à Saint-Pétersbourg,12 nov. 1833 - 27 fév. 1887.

 

Camille SAINT-SAËNS : compositeur français (post-romantique) né à Paris le 9 oct. 1835 - Alger (Algérie) 16 déc. 1921.

Carnaval des Animaux (Ouverture) 

 

Modeste MOUSSORGSKI : compositeur russe (post-romantique) né à Karevo, 21 mars 1839 - Saint-Pétersbourg 28 mars 1881.

"La Grande Porte de Kiev" (extrait des Tableaux d'une Exposition)

 

Piotr Ilitch TCHAÏKOVSKY : compositeur russe né à Votkinsk, 7 mai 1840 - Saint-Pétersbourg 6 nov. 1893.

"Le Lac des Cygnes"

Casse-Noisette "Valse des Fleurs"

"La Belle au bois dormant" - Valse

"Marche slave"

5e Symphonie op 64 - Andante

Sérénade pour cordes

Concerto pour violon - Canzonetta -

 

Jules MASSENET : compositeur français né à Montaud, 12 mai 1842 - Paris 13 août 1912.

 

Edvard GRIEG : compositeur norvégien né à Bergen, 15 juin 1843 – 4 sept. 1907.

"Suite Holberg" 4/5

 

Gabriel FAURÉ : compositeur français (post-romantique) né à Pamiers, 12 mai 1845 - Paris 4 nov. 1924.

"Élégie"

"Masques et bergamasques" 3/4

"Pavane"

 

Francisco TARREGA : compositeur espagnol né à Villarreal, 21 nov. 1852 - Barcelone 15 déc. 1909.

 

Giacomo PUCCINI : compositeur italien (post-romantique) né à Lucca, 22 déc. 1858 - Bruxelles 29 nov. 1924.

 

Isaac ALBENIZ : compositeur espagnol né à Camprodon, 29 mai 1860 - Cambo-les-Bains (France) 18 mai 1909.

 

Gustav MAHLER : compositeur autrichien (post-romantique) né à Kaliště, 7 juil. 1860 - Vienne 18 mai 1911.

 

Richard STRAUSS : compositeur allemand (post-romantique) né à Munich, 11 juin 1864 - Garmisch-Partenkirchen 8 sept. 1949.

 

Jean SIBÉLIUS : compositeur finlandais (post-romantique) né à Tavastehus, 8 déc. 1865 - Järvenpää 20 sept. 1957.

"Valse triste"

Concerto pour violon en ré mineur

 

Sergueï RACHMANINOV : compositeur russe (post-romantique) né à Semionovo, 1er avril 1873 - Beverly Hills (États-Unis) 28 mars 1943.

Concerto pour piano n°2 -Moderato

 

Date de dernière mise à jour : 17/11/2018

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